Ngorongoro Conservation Area Tanzania

Within Ngorongoro Conservation Area is 3202 square miles, travelers have unrivaled opportunities to observe exceptional wildlife species in an unblemished ecosystem, explore the geological area, and discover the World’s largest unbroken caldera that contains almost half the Protected Area’s animals in addition to exploring Lake Magadi for its rich bird diversity.

Size and location of Ngorongoro Conservation Area

Spanning 829200 hectares of sweeping highland plains, savannah grasslands, woodland, and forests is the stunning Ngorongoro Conservation Area in Ngorongoro District. It is also about 110 miles west of Arusha City, within the endowed Arusha region of the Crater Highlands geological area.

Like the popular Serengeti National Park, Ngorongoro Conservation Area is also in the northern circuit and governed by the “Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority semi-autonomous arm of the Tanzanian government.

History of Ngorongoro Conservation Area

The Ngorongoro Crater derived its name from the Masai pastoralists, after the “ngoro ngoro” sound made by the cowbell. Fossil evidence within the area shows that a number of hominid species lived within the region for more than 3 million years and are specifically found in the Olduvai Gorge area.

Before becoming a Protected Area, the region was occupied by hunter-gatherers for thousands of years, followed by the Mbulu who arrived about 2000 years ago, and afterward the Datooga about 1700. These two groups were unfortunately evicted from the region by the Maasai pastoralists in the 1800s.

The first European Baumann arrived in the area around 1892, followed by two German brothers (Friedrich and Adolph Siedentopf) who undertook agricultural activities in the area until the onset of the First World War, after renting the land from the German East African Administration.

These two brothers would organize shooting parties from time to time as a way of entertaining their German associates. Given their zeal towards farming, they even tried to drive away the gnu (wildebeests) herds from the Ngorongoro Crater.

The first Game Preservation decree was made in 1921, limiting hunting activities, and in 1928, the activity was totally banned around the Crater edge, with the exception of the former farms of the Siedentopf brothers.

The National Park law led to the creation of Serengeti National Park in 1951 thus causing constant troubles with the Masai pastoralists as well as other surrounding tribes and this subsequently led to the establishment of Ngorongoro Conservation Area in 1959. The region was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979, for its rich wildlife diversity and uniqueness.

Beautiful and unmissable things to see in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area

Animals

More than 25000 large mammals live around the Crater rim and they include Black rhinoceros, Hippos, Blue wildebeests, Cape buffaloes, Thomson’s and Grant’s gazelles, common elands, Defassa waterbucks and Grant’s zebras.

Other animals in the area are East African wild dogs, African leopards, cheetahs, serval cats, lions and many others. Areas far from the Crater are notable for spotted hyenas, jackals, Bohor reedbucks, black-backed jackals, bushbucks and so much more.

Birds

Over 500 species of birds call Ngorongoro Conservation Area home, but the notable ones are Black kites, Bronze sunbirds, African white-backed vultures, silvery-cheeked hornbills, flamingos, Black-winged lapwing, Tacazze sunbirds, white-eyed slaty flycatchers, Superb starlings, Rufous-tailed weavers and many others.

Ngorongoro Crater

Ngorongoro Crater, the largest inactive, unfilled and intact Caldera in the whole World is another wonderful attraction within Ngorongoro Conservation Area. This beautiful feature came into existence from huge volcanic eruption which led to the collapse of Lava into the Crater.

This is believed to have happened about 2-3 million years ago and presently the Crater extends for over 100 square miles as well as 2000 feet deep. This Crater is interestingly one of the 7 natural wonders of Africa.

Olduvai Gorge

For any visit to Ngorongoro Conservation Area, don’t miss exploring Olduvai Gorge, a popular archeological site known for being the seat of mankind, following the discovery of Homo habilis species. This attraction is marked by a steep-sided gully within the Great Rift Valley that extends along the East African region.

This stunning 50-kilometer tourist site is found in the East of the Serengeti Plains of Northern Tanzania and is one of the most renowned pre-historic sites of the World. The first individuals to have dug the area were Louis and Mary Leakey in the early 1950s.

Lake Magadi

Set within the southwest of Ngorongoro Crater, Lake Magadi is another breathtaking attraction within this popular Protected Area and is frequented by numerous lesser flamingos.

Riveting tourist activities within Ngorongoro CA

Game drives

Game drives through the Ngorongoro Conservation Area and towards the Crater rim are for visitors who wish to discover the wide beauty of the Area’s flora and fauna up close. Enjoy morning, afternoon, and night game drives lasting 3-4 hours in the company of expert Park guides to learn about the unique fauna and flora of this beautiful Protected Area.

Common species encountered at the rim are black rhinos, Defassa waterbucks, African bush elephants, Hippos, Cape buffaloes, Wildebeests, gazelles and lions among others.

Walking safari

The majority of the Safari Camps offer private walking safaris, offering visitors the golden chance to explore the vast African wilderness, hidden animals, and unique habitats that wouldn’t otherwise be explored during game drives.

The activity is normally done on foot, in the company of armed field guides for safety, and leads towards the areas of Lake Eyasi, the Crater rim, and other stupendous Craters in the heart of the Protected Area. Come across different animals and birds during the walking safari.

Discover the origin of humankind

The journey of discovery to Olduvai Gorge starts from Ngorongoro Conservation Area and is conducted under the guidance of experienced Park guides. The Gorge extends for 50 kilometers and is characterized by a steep-sided ravine in the stunning Great Rift Valley area. You will discover fossils that are as old as 3 million years within the area.

Bird watching

Ngorongoro Conservation Area alone has a list of more than 500 bird species, some of which are not found in other places within Tanzania.

White-eyed slaty flycatchers, lesser flamingos, secretary birds, silvery-cheeked hornbills, flamingos, Martial eagles, Black-winged lapwing, grey-crowned cranes, Tacazze sunbirds, great white pelicans, yellow-billed storks, Ostriches, and Kori bustards are some of the bird species to expect during bird watching adventures.

Wildlife photography

The best wildlife photography and documentaries are shot inthe  Ngorongoro Conservation Area. The beautiful landscapes roamed by animals provide the perfect backdrop for photography during Tanzania safaris.

Visit to Masai villages/communities

Another riveting tourist activity undertaken by visitors to Ngorongoro Conservation Area is visiting nearby Masai villages/communities where travelers get first-hand information on their mind-blowing culture and traditions, dress code, listen to ancient stories as narrated by village elders, purchase some of their art and craft souvenirs in addition to tasting their finger-licking dishes.

Phenomenal sleeping options within or around the Ngorongoro Conservation Area

Sleeping options in or around Ngorongoro Conservation Area range from budget to luxury category and these include;

Ngorongoro Crater Lodge

The luxurious Ngorongoro Crater Lodge is the main place of stay for visitors exploring this beautiful Protected Area, featuring three secluded Safari Camps. The Tree Camp has 6 suites, the North Camp features 12 suites while the South Camp has 12 suites. Each of these suites has a private wooden viewing deck, wide seating area, bedroom, furnishings in the form of chandelier, and hand-crafted wooden structures, to mention but a few.

Other accommodation facilities in this Park are Neptune Ngorongoro Luxury Lodge, Lemala Ngorongoro Tented Camp, Hhando Coffee Lodge, Ngorongoro Rhino Lodge, Lion’s Paw Camp, Ngorongoro Sopa Lodge, Ngorongoro Oldeani Mountain Lodge, Serena Ngorongoro Lodge, Ang’ata Ngorongoro Camp, Ngorongoro Forest Tented Lodge, Lake Ndutu Luxury Tented Lodge, Ngorongoro Farm House, Entamanu Camp, Ngorongoro Wildlife Lodge and many others.

When is the best time to explore the beautiful Ngorongoro Conservation Area?

While Ngorongoro Conservation Area is open all year round to all kinds of visitors, the dry season-June to August and December to late February is considered the best for spotting numerous wildlife species, converged at the Crater floor.

Accessing Ngorongoro Conservation Area from Arusha

This beautiful Protected Area is only 173 kilometers from Arusha Town through a smooth and well-paved road that leads to Loduare Gate, close to Karatu Town. Additionally, travelers from Serengeti National Park connect to Ngorongoro Conservation Area via Naabi Hill Gate.

Flights can also be chartered from Arusha Airport to the Airstrip at the Ngorongoro Crater rim, just a stone’s throw from the Headquarters.

Which is better, Serengeti or Ngorongoro?

Choosing between Serengeti and Ngorongoro depends on the type of experience you’re seeking. Serengeti is renowned for its vast, endless plains and incredible wildlife migration, making it perfect for safari enthusiasts looking to witness the famous Great Migration.

The park offers expansive landscapes and diverse wildlife, including the Big Five. On the other hand, Ngorongoro is unique for its crater, home to a dense concentration of wildlife in a smaller area, making it ideal for those looking to experience an abundance of animals in one place.

Both are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, but Serengeti excels in size and migration, while Ngorongoro offers concentrated, year-round wildlife.

Other Important Information you may wish to know;

Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority Management team

The Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA) is managed by a dedicated team responsible for the preservation of the Ngorongoro Crater and its surrounding ecosystem. The management team includes experts in wildlife conservation, community engagement, and sustainable tourism.

The NCAA works closely with local communities, ensuring that cultural heritage is preserved while promoting eco-tourism and environmental sustainability. The team is also involved in wildlife management, including the protection of endangered species like the black rhino. Their efforts ensure the area remains a UNESCO World Heritage Site while balancing conservation with community development.

Ngorongoro Conservation Area organization structure

The Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority (NCAA) manages the Ngorongoro Conservation Area in Tanzania. It operates under the Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism and is responsible for preserving both the area’s wildlife and the indigenous Maasai community.

The organization is structured with a Director-General at the helm, supported by departments overseeing conservation, tourism, and community development.

The NCAA also collaborates with local stakeholders, including tourism operators and Maasai leaders, to ensure sustainable development. It enforces regulations on wildlife management, land use, and cultural preservation, ensuring the long-term protection of this unique ecosystem and its people.

Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority Act

Frequently asked questions about the Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA):

1. What is the Ngorongoro Conservation Area?

The Ngorongoro Conservation Area is a protected region in northern Tanzania, encompassing the Ngorongoro Crater, the world’s largest unbroken caldera, along with other geological features like the Olduvai Gorge. It spans approximately 8,288 square kilometers and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

2. What is the best time to visit Ngorongoro?

The NCA experiences two main seasons:

• Dry Season (June to October): Ideal for wildlife viewing as animals congregate around water sources.
• Rainy Season (November to May): The landscape is lush and green, and migratory birds are abundant.

The dry season is generally preferred for safaris due to clearer visibility and easier animal spotting.

3. What wildlife can I see in Ngorongoro Crater?

The Ngorongoro Crater is home to a diverse array of wildlife, including:

• Big Five: Lions, leopards, rhinoceroses, elephants, and Cape buffalo.
• Other Species: Zebras, wildebeests, gazelles, hyenas, and various bird species.

The crater’s unique ecosystem supports a high density of wildlife year-round.

4. Are guided tours required in Ngorongoro Crater?

Yes, visitors are required to be accompanied by a registered guide when entering the Ngorongoro Crater. This regulation ensures safety and enhances the experience by providing expert knowledge about the area’s ecology and wildlife.

5. What accommodations are available in Ngorongoro?

The NCA offers a range of accommodations, from luxury lodges to tented camps. Notable options include:

• Ngorongoro Crater Lodge: A luxury lodge offering panoramic views of the crater.
• Entamanu Ngorongoro: A tented camp providing an intimate safari experience.

These accommodations provide comfortable stays with varying levels of luxury to suit different preferences.

6. Is malaria a concern in Ngorongoro?

Yes, malaria is present in the Ngorongoro area. It’s advisable to consult with a healthcare provider before traveling to discuss preventive measures, such as antimalarial medication and mosquito repellents.

7. Can I visit Ngorongoro Crater on a day trip?

Yes, many visitors opt for day trips to the Ngorongoro Crater. However, staying overnight in the area allows for a more relaxed experience and the opportunity to explore other attractions within the NCA, such as the Olduvai Gorge and the Ngorongoro Highlands.

8. Are there any cultural experiences available in Ngorongoro?

Yes, visitors can engage with the Maasai community, who have coexisted with wildlife in the area for centuries. Cultural visits offer insights into traditional Maasai life, including their customs, crafts, and pastoral lifestyle.

9. How do I get to Ngorongoro Conservation Area?

The NCA is accessible via road from Arusha, approximately a 3-hour drive. Arusha is well-connected by domestic flights from major Tanzanian cities and international flights to Kilimanjaro International Airport.

10. Are there any restrictions or guidelines for visitors?

Yes, visitors are expected to adhere to guidelines set by the Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority, including:

• Conservation Rules: No off-road driving, littering, or disturbing wildlife.
• Cultural Sensitivity: Respect for local Maasai traditions and customs.

Ngorongoro Conservation Area Map